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Backup and Restoration
Oracle Tips by Burleson
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Of all the tasks accomplished
with scripts in an Oracle database, the automation of system backups
(and to a lesser extent recovery of a database) is probably the most
important. Most Oracle installations (especially those IS shops that
use hot backups) automate the process of performing system backups.
Listing 1.1 is a generic
script for a cold backup of an Oracle database. The OS-level commands
that perform the backup of files have been excluded.
Listing 1.1
A generic cold backup script for an Oracle database.
#
# Set up the environment variables.
#
ORACLE_SID=registrar_db; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=/dbhost/database/oracle/v722; export ORACLE_HOME
#
# Shutdown the database.
#
svrmgrl
connect internal
shutdown immediate
#
# Backup the database control files, redo logs, and dbf files.
#
<OS commands to backup files here>
#
# Restart the database.
#
svrmgrl
connect internal
startup
Listing 1.2 is a generic script for a hot backup of an Oracle
database. Again, the OS-level commands that perform the backup of
files have been excluded.
Listing 1.2 A generic hot backup script for an Oracle
database.
#
# Set up the Oracle environment variables.
#
ORACLE_SID=registrar_db; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=/dbhost/database/oracle/v722; export ORACLE_HOME
#
# Shut down the database.
#
svrmgrl lmode=Y
connect internal
#
# Back up each tablespace individually.
#
alter tablespace SYSTEM begin backup;
<OS command to backup the.dbf files containing the SYSTEM tablespace>
alter tablespace SYSTEM end backup;
alter tablespace ROLLBACK begin backup;
<OS command to backup the .dbf files containing the rollback tablespace>
alter tablespace ROLLBACK end backup;
alter tablespace APPLICATION begin backup;
<OS command to backup the .dbf files containing the application tablespace>
alter tablespace APPLICATION end backup;
alter tablespace INDEXES begin backup;
<OS command to backup the .dbf files containing the application tablespace>
alter tablespace INDEXES end backup;
#
# Turn off archive log and back up the archive log files.
#
archive log stop
exit
#
# Store a list of existing archive log files for export.
#
<OS command to generate a list of files>
svrmgrl lmode=y
connect internal
archive log start
exit
#
# Make sure the archive log files also get backed up.
#
<OS command to backup the archive log files>
<OS command to remove the archive log files that were backed up>
#
# Make a copy of the controlfile to be backed up.
#
svrmgrl lmode=y
alter database backup controlfile to <path for controlfile backup>
exit
<OS command to backup the controlfile copy>
This is an excerpt from the book "High
Performance Oracle Database Automation" by
Jonathan Ingram and Donald K. Burleson, Series Editor.
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